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Tuned Mass Damper
The Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is a specially designed passive damper that reduces wind movement in high-rises, and is located between the 87th and 91st Floors. Taipei 101’s TMD is uniquely open to public view on the 88th and 89th Floors.
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Mass Block/Wind Vibration Damper
This mass block/ wind vibration damper has a diameter of 5.5 meters, a gross weight of 660 metric tons, and consists of 41 layers of 12.5-cm steel plates welded together.
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Steel Cables
The sphere-shaped mass block is suspended from the 92nd floor by 8 steel cables measuring 42 m in length and 9 cm in width, each comprised of over 2,000 smaller cables to ensure flexibility and durability. The cables attain a Security Parameters Index score of around 9; each can support the weight of the TMD.
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Tuning Frame
Situated on the 91st Floor, the tuning frame supports the suspended steel cables, monitoring building vibration and adjusting cable movement to regularize building movement and optimize damping.
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TMD Efficiency
The TMD cuts building vibration by 40%, and can on occasion move by as much as 35 cm. Moving with the building at the rate of one oscillation every 7 seconds, the TMD’s movements are not always visible. Major typhoons (100-year variety) can cause 150 cm in movement, mitigated by the specially designed bumper system.
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Primary Hydraulic Viscous Damper
8 primary hydraulic viscous dampers situated beneath the TMD automatically absorb and dissipate vibration impacts.
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Bumper system
A bumper system of eight snubber hydraulic viscous dampers beneath the TMD absorbs vibration impacts, particularly in major typhoons or earthquakes where movement exceeds 150 cm.
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Pinnacle-TMD
The pinnacle, at 450-508 meters in height, features two small TMD units of 6 tons apiece. The TMDs reduce vibration by up to 40%, as the pinnacle may oscillate up to 180,000 times a year.
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Design
The TMD was designed, manufactured and constructed by Motioneering, Inc. (Canada) at a cost of NT$130 million. Evergreen Consulting Engineering, Inc. was responsible for the overall structural design.
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